amakuru

Mu 2024, kurwanya isi yose kurwanya virusi itera SIDA (VIH) byagize ingaruka mbi. Umubare wabantu bahabwa imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA (ART) no kugera kuri virusi ni murwego rwo hejuru. Impfu za sida ziri kurwego rwo hasi mumyaka 20. Nubwo, nubwo hari iterambere rishimishije, intego ziterambere rirambye (SDGS) zo guhagarika virusi itera sida nk’ubuzima rusange bw’abaturage mu 2030 ntabwo ziri mu nzira. Igiteye impungenge, icyorezo cya sida gikomeje gukwirakwira mu baturage bamwe. Raporo y’umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe kurwanya SIDA, UNAIDS 2024, ivuga ko gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe kurwanya SIDA (UNAIDS), ibihugu icyenda bimaze kugera ku ntego za “95-95-95 ″ mu 2025 zisabwa kugira ngo icyorezo cya SIDA kirangire mu 2030, kandi abandi icumi bari mu nzira yo kubikora. Muri iki gihe gikomeye, ingamba zigamije kurwanya virusi itera SIDA zigomba gukaza umurego. umuvuduko kandi ukeneye guhindurwa kugirango uhindure kugabanuka.

Kwirinda neza virusi itera sida bisaba guhuza uburyo bw’imyitwarire, ibinyabuzima, n’imiterere, harimo gukoresha ART mu guhashya virusi, gukoresha agakingirizo, gahunda zo guhana inshinge, uburezi, no kuvugurura politiki. Ikoreshwa rya prophylaxis yo mu kanwa mbere yo kwandura (PrEP) ryagabanije kwandura abantu bashya mu baturage bamwe, ariko PrEP yagize ingaruka nke ku bagore n’abakobwa b’ingimbi bo mu burasirazuba no mu majyepfo ya Afurika bahura n’umutwaro mwinshi wa virusi itera sida. Gukenera gusurwa kwa buri gihe no kuvura imiti ya buri munsi birashobora gutera isoni kandi ntibyoroshye. Abagore benshi batinya kumenyekanisha ikoreshwa rya PrEP kubakunzi babo ba hafi, kandi ingorane zo guhisha ibinini bigabanya ikoreshwa rya PrEP. Ikigeragezo cyibanze cyashyizwe ahagaragara muri uyu mwaka cyerekanye ko inshinge ebyiri gusa zo mu bwoko bwa virusi itera SIDA-1 capsid inhibitor lenacapavir ku mwaka zagize uruhare runini mu gukumira ubwandu bwa virusi itera sida ku bagore n’abakobwa bo muri Afurika yepfo na Uganda (indwara 0 ku myaka 100 y’umuntu ku myaka 100; hamwe n’uburinganire bw’abaturage ku migabane ine, Lenacapavir itangwa kabiri mu mwaka yagize ingaruka nkizo.

Ariko, niba kuvura igihe kirekire birinda kugabanya kwandura virusi itera sida, bigomba kuba bihendutse kandi bigera kubantu bafite ibyago byinshi. I Galeedi, uruganda rukora lenacapavir, rwasinyanye amasezerano n’amasosiyete atandatu yo mu Misiri, Ubuhinde, Pakisitani na Amerika yo kugurisha verisiyo rusange ya Lenacapavir mu bihugu 120 byinjiza amafaranga make kandi yo hagati. Mu gihe hagitegerejwe itariki ntarengwa y’amasezerano, Galeedi izatanga lenacapavir ku giciro cy’inyungu zero ku bihugu 18 bifite virusi itera SIDA. Gukomeza gushora imari mubikorwa byemejwe byo gukumira ni ngombwa, ariko hariho ingorane zimwe. Ikigega cyihutirwa cya Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya SIDA (PEPFAR) n’ikigega cy’isi giteganijwe kuba abaguzi benshi ba Lenacapavir. Ariko muri Werurwe, inkunga ya PEPFAR yemerewe umwaka umwe gusa, aho kuba iyari isanzwe, kandi izakenera kuvugururwa nubuyobozi bwa Trump bugiye kuza. Ikigega cy’isi nacyo kizahura n’ibibazo by’inkunga kuko cyinjiye mu cyiciro gikurikira cyo kuzuza mu 2025.

Mu 2023, ubwandu bushya bwa virusi itera sida muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara buzanduzwa n'utundi turere ku nshuro ya mbere, cyane cyane Uburayi bw'Uburasirazuba, Aziya yo hagati na Amerika y'Epfo. Hanze ya Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, indwara nyinshi zibaho mu bagabo baryamana n'abagabo, abantu batera ibiyobyabwenge, abakora imibonano mpuzabitsina n'abakiriya babo. Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe byo muri Amerika y'Epfo, ubwandu bushya bwa virusi itera SIDA buriyongera. Kubwamahirwe, umunwa PrEP watinze gukurikizwa; Kubona neza imiti ikingira igihe kirekire ni ngombwa. Ibihugu byinjiza amafaranga yo hagati nka Peru, Burezili, Mexico, na uquateur, bitujuje ibyangombwa rusange bya Lenacapavir kandi ntibujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo bifashwe na Global Fund, ntibifite amikoro yo kugura lenacapavir yuzuye (kugeza ku madolari 44.000 ku mwaka, ariko munsi y'amadorari 100 yo gukora ku bwinshi). Icyemezo cya Galeedi cyo gukumira ibihugu byinshi byinjiza amafaranga yo hagati mu masezerano y’impushya, cyane cyane abagize uruhare mu rubanza rwa Lenacapavir no kongera kwandura virusi itera sida, byaba ari bibi.

Nubwo ubuzima bwifashe neza, abaturage b'ingenzi bakomeje guhura n'ihohoterwa ry'uburenganzira bwa muntu, gupfobya, ivangura, amategeko na politiki bihana. Aya mategeko na politiki bibuza abantu kwitabira serivisi za virusi itera SIDA. Nubwo umubare w'impfu za sida wagabanutse kuva mu mwaka wa 2010, abantu benshi baracyari mu cyiciro cya mbere cya SIDA, bikaviramo impfu zidakenewe. Iterambere ry'ubumenyi ryonyine ntirizaba rihagije kugira ngo virusi itera SIDA ibangamire ubuzima rusange; iri ni ihitamo rya politiki nubukungu. Uburyo bushingiye ku burenganzira bwa muntu bukomatanya ibisubizo by’ibinyabuzima, imyitwarire n’imiterere birakenewe kugira ngo icyorezo cya SIDA gihagarare burundu