amakuru

Kugeza ubu, amashusho ya magnetiki resonance yerekana amashusho (MRI) aratera imbere kuva mumashusho gakondo yubatswe hamwe no gukora amashusho kugeza amashusho ya molekile. MR-nucleaire MR Irashobora kubona amakuru atandukanye ya metabolite mumubiri wumuntu, mugihe ikomeza imiterere yikibanza, ikanonosora umwihariko wo gutahura inzira ya physiologique na patologique, kandi kuri ubu niyo tekinoroji yonyine ishobora gusesengura bidasubirwaho ingano ya metabolism ya dinamike yumuntu muri vivo.

Hamwe n’ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwa MR ubushakashatsi, bufite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa mugupima hakiri kare no gusuzuma ibibyimba, indwara zifata umutima, indwara zifata ubwonko, sisitemu ya endocrine, sisitemu yumubiri nindwara zubuhumekero, hamwe no gusuzuma byihuse uburyo bwo kuvura. Philips iheruka gukora ubushakashatsi bwibanze ku mavuriro azafasha amashusho n’abaganga b’ubuvuzi gukora ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’ubuvuzi. Dr. Sun Peng na Dr. Wang Jiazheng bo mu ishami rishinzwe ubuvuzi n’ubuvuzi bwa Philips batanze ibisobanuro birambuye ku iterambere ry’iterambere rya NMR nyinshi ndetse n’icyerekezo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’ibikorwa bishya bya MRP bya Philips.

Magnetic resonance yegukanye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel inshuro eshanu mu mateka yayo, mu bice bya fiziki, ubutabire, ibinyabuzima, n'ubuvuzi, kandi imaze kugera ku ntsinzi nini mu mahame shingiro ya fiziki, imiterere ya molekulike kama, imiterere ya biologiya ya macromolekulaire, ndetse no kwivuza kwa muganga. Muri byo, amashusho ya magnetiki resonance yabaye imwe mu mikoreshereze y’ubuvuzi y’ubuvuzi y’ubuvuzi, ikoreshwa cyane mu gusuzuma indwara zitandukanye mu bice bitandukanye by’umubiri w’umuntu. Hamwe nogukomeza kunoza ibikenerwa mubuvuzi, icyifuzo kinini cyo kwisuzumisha hakiri kare no gusuzuma neza byihuse ni uguteza imbere iterambere rya magnetiki resonance yerekana amashusho kuva mumashusho gakondo (T1w, T2w, PDw, nibindi), amashusho yimikorere (DWI, PWI, nibindi) kugeza kumashusho ya molekile (1H MRS N'ibice byinshi bya MRS / MRI).

Imiterere igoye ya 1H ishingiye kuri tekinoroji ya MR, igaragaramo ibintu, hamwe no guhonyora amazi / ibinure bigabanya umwanya wacyo nka tekinoroji yo kwerekana amashusho. Gusa umubare muto wa molekile (choline, creatine, NAA, nibindi) urashobora kuboneka, kandi biragoye kubona inzira ya metabolike yingirakamaro. Dushingiye kuri nuclide zitandukanye (23Na, 31P, 13C, 129Xe, 17O, 7Li, 19F, 3H, 2H), kirimbuzi nyinshi za kirimbuzi MR Irashobora kubona amakuru atandukanye ya metabolite yumubiri wumuntu, hamwe n’ibisubizo bihanitse kandi byihariye, kandi kuri ubu ni yo yonyine yonyine idatera (isotope ihamye, idafite aside irike), iranga aside irike ya aside irike, aside irike; inzira ya metabolike.

Hamwe niterambere rihoraho muri sisitemu ya magnetiki resonance ibyuma byububiko, uburyo bukurikiranye bwihuse (Multi-Band, Spiral) hamwe na algorithm yihuta (sensing sensing, kwiga byimbitse), ibyingenzi byinshi MR Imaging / spectroscopy bigenda bikura buhoro buhoro: (1) byitezwe ko bizaba igikoresho cyingenzi cyibinyabuzima bigezweho, ibinyabuzima na bio-chimique nubushakashatsi bwa metabolism; .

Bitewe n'amahame akomeye yumubiri hamwe ningorabahizi ya tekinike ya MR Field, ibice byinshi bya MR Byabaye agace kihariye k'ubushakashatsi bwibigo bike byubushakashatsi bwubuhanga. Nubwo multicore MR imaze gutera imbere cyane nyuma yimyaka mirongo yiterambere, haracyari ikibazo cyamakuru adahagije yubuvuzi kugirango ateze imbere urwego rwo gufasha abarwayi rwose.

Ashingiye ku guhanga udushya mu bijyanye na MR, Philips yaje guca intege icyuho cy’iterambere rya MR-nyinshi kandi asohora urubuga rushya rw’ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro rufite nuclide nyinshi mu nganda. Ihuriro niryo sisitemu yonyine yibanze ku isi yakira ibyemezo by’umutekano w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (CE) hamwe n’ubuyobozi bw’ibiribwa n’ibiyobyabwenge muri Amerika (FDA), bigafasha urwego-rw’ibicuruzwa byuzuye-byinshi bya MR Solution: ibiceri byemewe na FDA, ibyuzuye bikurikirana, hamwe no kongera kubaka sitasiyo ya sitasiyo. Abakoresha ntibakenera kuba bafite ibikoresho bya magnetiki resonance yabigize umwuga, abahanga mu kode hamwe na RF gradient bashushanya, ibyo bikaba byoroshye kuruta 1H spectroscopy / amashusho. Mugabanye kugabanya ibiciro byinshi bya MR Gukoresha, guhinduranya kubuntu hagati yubushakashatsi bwa siyansi nuburyo bwo kwa muganga, kugarura ibiciro byihuse, kuburyo MR-nini cyane Mu ivuriro.

Multi-core MR Ubu ni icyerekezo cyingenzi cya "Gahunda yimyaka 14 yimyaka itanu yubuvuzi bwubuvuzi bwinganda ziterambere", kandi ni tekinoroji yingenzi yingenzi yo gufata amashusho yubuvuzi kugirango yice gahunda kandi ahuze na biomedicine igezweho. Itsinda ry’abahanga mu bumenyi bwa Philips mu Bushinwa, rishingiye ku kuzamura ubumenyi bw’abakiriya n’ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya, bakoze ubushakashatsi buri gihe kuri MR-yibanze. Dr. Sun Peng, Dr. Wang Jiazheng n'abandi. yabanje gutanga igitekerezo cya MR-nucleomics muri NMR muri Biomedicine (Ikinyamakuru cyo hejuru cyakarere ka mbere ka Spectroscopy ya Academy ya siyansi yubushinwa), gishobora gukoresha MR gishingiye kuri nuclide zitandukanye kugirango harebwe imikorere itandukanye ya selile nibikorwa byindwara. Rero, gusuzuma no gusuzuma indwara no kuvurwa birashobora gukorwa [1]. Igitekerezo cya MR Multinucleomics kizaba icyerekezo kizaza cyiterambere rya MR. Uru rupapuro nirwo rwego rwa mbere rusubirwamo rwibanze rwibanze rwa MR Ku isi, rukubiyemo ishingiro ryamahame ya MR-yibanze, ubushakashatsi bwambere bwamavuriro, guhindura amavuriro, iterambere ryibikoresho, iterambere rya algorithm, imyitozo yubuhanga nibindi bintu (Ishusho 2). Muri icyo gihe kandi, itsinda ry’abahanga ryakoranye na Porofeseri Song Bin wo mu bitaro by’Uburengerazuba bw’Ubushinwa kugira ngo barangize ingingo ya mbere y’isuzuma ryerekeye ihinduka ry’amavuriro rya MR nyinshi mu Bushinwa, ryasohotse mu kinyamakuru Insights into Imaging [2]. Gutangaza urukurikirane rwibiganiro kuri multicore MR Yerekana ko Philips azana rwose imipaka yerekana amashusho menshi ya molekile yerekana amashusho mubushinwa, kubakiriya b’abashinwa, ndetse n’abarwayi b’abashinwa. Mu buryo buhuye n’igitekerezo cy’ibanze cy '“mu Bushinwa, ku Bushinwa”, Philips izakoresha MR-nyinshi kugira ngo iteze imbere iterambere rya magnetiki y’Ubushinwa kandi ifashe igitera Ubushinwa buzira umuze.

Multi-nuclear MRI ni tekinoroji igaragara. Hamwe niterambere rya software hamwe nibikoresho bya MR, ibyuma byinshi bya kirimbuzi MRI byakoreshejwe mubushakashatsi bwibanze nubuvuzi bwa sisitemu yabantu. Akarusho kihariye ni uko ishobora kwerekana igihe nyacyo cyimikorere ya metabolike mubikorwa bitandukanye byindwara, bityo bigatanga amahirwe yo gusuzuma indwara hakiri kare, gusuzuma neza, gufata ibyemezo byo kuvura no guteza imbere ibiyobyabwenge. Irashobora no gufasha gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo gutera indwara.

Kugirango duteze imbere iterambere ryiki gice, hakenewe uruhare rugaragara rwinzobere mu mavuriro. Iterambere ry’amavuriro ryibikorwa byinshi ni ingenzi, harimo kubaka sisitemu shingiro, guhuza ikoranabuhanga, kugereranya no kugereranya ibisubizo, gushakisha ubushakashatsi bushya, guhuza amakuru menshi ya metabolike, nibindi, hiyongereyeho guteza imbere ibigeragezo byinshi bishobora kuba byinshi, kugirango habeho guteza imbere ihinduka ry’amavuriro ry’ikoranabuhanga rya MR. Twizera tudashidikanya ko MR-yibanze izatanga icyiciro kinini cyinzobere mu gufata amashusho n’inzobere mu mavuriro gukora ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro, kandi ibisubizo byayo bizagirira akamaro abarwayi ku isi.