amakuru

Gusaza kw'abaturage biriyongera cyane, kandi icyifuzo cyo kwitabwaho igihe kirekire nacyo kiriyongera vuba; Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) rivuga ko abantu babiri kuri batatu kuri batatu bageze mu zabukuru bakeneye ubufasha bw'igihe kirekire kugira ngo babeho buri munsi. Sisitemu yo kwita ku gihe kirekire ku isi irwana no guhangana n'ibisabwa byiyongera; Raporo y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe iterambere ry’ubuzima bwiza (2021-2023), ibihugu bigera kuri 33% byonyine ni byo bifite amikoro ahagije yo kwinjiza ubuvuzi bw'igihe kirekire muri gahunda z’ubuzima n’imibereho isanzwe. Sisitemu zita ku barwayi zigihe kirekire zidashyira umutwaro wiyongera ku barezi badasanzwe (cyane cyane abo mu muryango ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa), badafite uruhare runini mu kubungabunga ubuzima n’imikorere y’abahawe ubuvuzi, ariko kandi bakanabayobora muri gahunda z’ubuzima zigoye zitanga serivisi zita ku gihe no gukomeza. Abarezi bagera kuri miliyoni 76 batanga ubuvuzi mu Burayi; Mu Muryango w’ubukungu n’ubukungu n’iterambere (OECD), hafi 60% byabantu bakuze bitaweho byimazeyo nabarezi badasanzwe. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwishingikiriza kubarezi badasanzwe, harakenewe byihutirwa gushiraho uburyo bukwiye bwo gushyigikira.

Abarezi b'abana bakunze kuba bakuru kandi barashobora kugira ubumuga budakira, intege nke cyangwa imyaka. Ugereranije n'abarezi bato, ibyifuzo byumubiri byakazi byita kumurwayi birashobora gukaza umurego ibi byubuvuzi byahozeho, biganisha kumubiri, guhangayika, no kwisuzumisha nabi kubuzima. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2024 bwerekanye ko abantu bakuze bafite inshingano zo kwita ku buryo budasanzwe bagize ihungabana rikomeye ry’ubuzima bw’umubiri ugereranije n’abatita ku kigero kimwe. Abarezi bakuze batanga ubuvuzi kubarwayi bakeneye ubuvuzi bukomeye barashobora kwibasirwa ningaruka mbi. Kurugero, umutwaro kubarezi bakuze wiyongera mugihe abarezi bafite ikibazo cyo guta umutwe bagaragaza ko batitabira, kurakara, cyangwa ubumuga bwiyongera mubikorwa byingenzi byubuzima bwa buri munsi.

Ubusumbane bushingiye ku gitsina mu barezi badasanzwe ni ngombwa: abarezi akenshi usanga ari abagore bageze mu kigero cyo hagati ndetse n'abagore bakuze, cyane cyane mu bihugu bikennye - ndetse no hagati. Abagore nabo birashoboka cyane kwita kubintu bigoye nko guta umutwe. Abarezi b'abagore bavuze ko urwego rwo hejuru rw'ibimenyetso byo kwiheba no kugabanuka kw'imikorere kurusha abarezi b'abagabo. Byongeye kandi, umutwaro wo kwita ku ngaruka ugira ingaruka mbi ku myitwarire y’ubuzima (harimo na serivisi zo gukumira); Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2020 mu bagore bafite hagati y’imyaka 40 na 75 bwerekanye isano itari myiza hagati yamasaha yo kwita no kwemerwa na mammogram.

Akazi ko kwitaho kajyanye n'ingaruka mbi kandi inkunga igomba gutangwa kubarezi bakuze. Intambwe yambere yingenzi mu kubaka inkunga ni ugushora imari muri sisitemu yo kwita ku gihe kirekire, cyane cyane iyo amikoro ari make. Mugihe ibi ari ingenzi, impinduka nini mubuvuzi bwigihe kirekire ntizizabaho nijoro. Ni ngombwa rero gutanga ubufasha bwihuse kandi butaziguye ku barezi bakuze, nko mu mahugurwa kugira ngo barusheho gusobanukirwa ibimenyetso by’indwara bagaragajwe n’abarezi babo no kubafasha gucunga neza imitwaro ijyanye no kwita ku barwayi. Ni ngombwa gushyiraho politiki n’ibikorwa bivuye ku gitsina kugira ngo hakurweho ubusumbane bw’uburinganire mu kwita ku gihe kirekire. Politiki igomba kuzirikana ingaruka zishobora kuba zishingiye ku gitsina; Kurugero, inkunga yamafaranga kubarezi badasanzwe irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi zitateganijwe kubagore, bikabuza abakozi babo kwitabira bityo bigakomeza uruhare rwuburinganire. Ibyifuzo n'ibitekerezo by'abarezi na byo bigomba kwitabwaho; Abarezi b'abana bakunze kumva ko batitaweho, badahabwa agaciro, kandi bakavuga ko basigaye muri gahunda yo kwita ku barwayi. Abarezi bafite uruhare rutaziguye mubikorwa byo kwita, bityo rero ni ngombwa ko ibitekerezo byabo bihabwa agaciro kandi bigashyirwa mubyemezo byo kwa muganga. Hanyuma, ubushakashatsi burakenewe kugirango twumve neza ibibazo byubuzima byihariye nibikenewe kubarezi bakuze no kumenyesha ibikorwa; Isubiramo rifatika ry’ubushakashatsi ku bikorwa byo mu mutwe byita ku barezi byerekana ko abarezi bakuze bakomeza kuba bake muri ubwo bushakashatsi. Hatariho amakuru ahagije, ntibishoboka gutanga inkunga yumvikana kandi igamije.

Abaturage bageze mu za bukuru ntibazatuma gusa kwiyongera k'umubare w'abantu bakuze bakeneye kwitabwaho, ahubwo biziyongera no ku mubare w'abantu bakuze bakora imirimo yo kwita. Ubu ni igihe cyo kugabanya uyu mutwaro no kwibanda kubakozi bakunze kwirengagizwa kubakozi bashinzwe kurera. Abantu bose bakuze, baba abahawe ubuvuzi cyangwa abarezi, bakwiriye kubaho ubuzima bwiza