amakuru

ChatGPT ya OpenAI (chat generative pretrained transformateur) ni ubwenge bwubukorikori (AI) bukoreshwa na chatbot yahindutse interineti yihuta cyane mumateka.AI yibyara, harimo nururimi runini nka GPT, itanga inyandiko isa niyakozwe nabantu kandi bigaragara ko yigana ibitekerezo byabantu.Abimenyereza umwuga n'abaganga basanzwe bakoresha ikoranabuhanga, kandi inyigisho z'ubuvuzi ntizishobora kwihanganira kuba ku ruzitiro.Urwego rwubuvuzi rugomba noneho guhangana ningaruka za AI.

Hariho impungenge nyinshi zemewe ku bijyanye n'ingaruka za AI ku buvuzi, harimo n'ubushobozi bwa AI bwo guhimba amakuru no kuyerekana nk'ukuri (bizwi nka “illusion”), ingaruka za AI ku buzima bwite bw'abarwayi, ndetse n'ingaruka zo kubogama zinjizwa muri inkomoko yamakuru.Ariko dufite impungenge ko kwibanda gusa kuri izo mbogamizi zihishe bitwikiriye ingaruka nyinshi AI ishobora kugira ku burezi bwubuvuzi, cyane cyane uburyo ikoranabuhanga rishobora guhindura imitekerereze nuburyo bwo kwita kubisekuruza bizaza byabimenyereza umwuga n'abaganga.

Mu mateka yose, ikoranabuhanga ryazamuye uburyo abaganga batekereza.Ivumburwa rya stethoscope mu kinyejana cya 19 ryateje imbere iterambere no gutunganywa kwipimisha ryumubiri ku rugero runaka, hanyuma igitekerezo cyo kwishakamo ibisubizo byiperereza.Vuba aha, ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru ryahinduye icyitegererezo cyibitekerezo byubuvuzi, nkuko Lawrence Weed, wavumbuye inyandiko zishingiye ku buvuzi zishingiye ku bibazo, abivuga: Uburyo abaganga bakora imibare bigira ingaruka ku buryo dutekereza.Inzego zigezweho zishyuza ubuvuzi, sisitemu yo kunoza ubuziranenge, hamwe nubuvuzi bwa elegitoroniki yubuvuzi (nibibi bifitanye isano nabo) byose byagize ingaruka zikomeye kuri ubu buryo bwo gufata amajwi.

ChatGPT yatangijwe mu mpeshyi ya 2022, kandi mu mezi yakurikiyeho, ubushobozi bwayo bwerekanye ko byibuze bihungabanya nk’ubuvuzi bushingiye ku bibazo.ChatGPT yatsinze ikizamini cyo gutanga uruhushya rwo kwivuza muri Amerika hamwe na Clinical Thinking Exam kandi yegereye uburyo bwo gusuzuma bwo gusuzuma abaganga.Amashuri makuru ubu arimo guhangana n "iherezo ryumuhanda winyandiko za kaminuza," kandi ibyo birashoboka ko bizabaho vuba hamwe namagambo bwite abanyeshuri batanga mugihe basabye ishuri ryubuvuzi.Ibigo bikomeye byita ku buzima birakorana n’amasosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwihuse kandi bwihuse bwohereza AI muri sisitemu y’ubuzima yo muri Amerika, harimo no kuyinjiza mu bikoresho by’ubuvuzi bya elegitoroniki na porogaramu yo kumenya amajwi.Chatbots yagenewe gufata bimwe mubikorwa byabaganga biza kumasoko.

Ikigaragara ni uko imiterere yubuvuzi bwubuvuzi irahinduka kandi yarahindutse, bityo uburezi bwubuvuzi buhura nuguhitamo kubaho: Ese abashinzwe ubuvuzi bafata iyambere kugirango binjize AI mumahugurwa yabaganga kandi bategure babishaka abakozi babaganga kugirango bakoreshe neza kandi neza neza ikoranabuhanga rihindura mubikorwa byubuvuzi? ?Cyangwa imbaraga zo hanze zishaka gukora neza ninyungu zizagena uko byombi bihurira?Twizera tudashidikanya ko abategura amasomo, gahunda yo guhugura abaganga n’abayobozi bashinzwe ubuzima, ndetse n’inzego zemewe, bagomba gutangira gutekereza kuri AI.

Amashuri yubuvuzi ahura ningorabahizi: bakeneye kwigisha abanyeshuri gukoresha AI mubikorwa byubuvuzi, kandi bakeneye guhangana nabanyeshuri biga nabarimu basaba AI muri kaminuza.Abanyeshuri biga ubuvuzi basanzwe bakoresha AI mubyigisho byabo, bakoresheje ibiganiro kugirango batange inyubako zerekeye indwara kandi bahanure ingingo zo kwigisha.Abarimu batekereza uburyo AI ishobora kubafasha gutegura amasomo nisuzuma.

Igitekerezo cy'uko integanyanyigisho z'ishuri ry'ubuvuzi zateguwe n'abantu zihura n'ikibazo kidashidikanywaho: Nigute amashuri yubuvuzi azagenzura ireme ryibirimo muri gahunda zabo zitatekerejwe nabantu?Nigute amashuri yakomeza amahame yamasomo niba abanyeshuri bakoresha AI kugirango barangize umukoro?Gutegura abanyeshuri kubijyanye nubuvuzi bwigihe kizaza, amashuri yubuvuzi agomba gutangira akazi katoroshye ko guhuza imyigishirize yerekeye ikoreshwa rya AI mumasomo yubumenyi bwubuvuzi, amasomo yo gutekereza kubitekerezo, hamwe namahugurwa yubuvuzi bwa sisitemu.Nintambwe yambere, abarezi barashobora kwegera inzobere mu kwigisha zaho bakabasaba gutegura uburyo bwo guhuza integanyanyigisho no kwinjiza AI muri gahunda.Inyigisho zavuguruwe noneho zizasuzumwa cyane kandi zitangwe, inzira yatangiye.

Ku rwego rw’ubuvuzi bw’ubuvuzi, abahatuye ninzobere mu mahugurwa bakeneye kwitegura ejo hazaza aho AI izaba igice cyingenzi mubikorwa byabo byigenga.Abaganga mumahugurwa bagomba kuba borohewe no gukorana na AI kandi bakumva ubushobozi bwayo nimbibi zayo, haba kugirango bashyigikire ubumenyi bwabo mubuvuzi kandi kuberako abarwayi babo basanzwe bakoresha AI.

Kurugero, ChatGPT irashobora gutanga ibyifuzo byo gusuzuma kanseri ukoresheje imvugo yoroshye kubarwayi kubyumva, nubwo bidasobanutse neza 100%.Ibibazo byakozwe n’abarwayi bakoresha AI byanze bikunze bizahindura umubano w’abaganga n’umurwayi, nkuko ikwirakwizwa ry’ibicuruzwa byapimwe by’ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti byahinduye ibiganiro ku mavuriro yo hanze.Abatuye muri iki gihe ninzobere mu mahugurwa bafite imyaka 30 kugeza kuri 40 imbere yabo, kandi bakeneye guhuza n’imihindagurikire y’ubuvuzi.

Abashinzwe ubuvuzi bagomba gukora kugirango bategure gahunda nshya zamahugurwa afasha abaturage nabatoza b'inzobere kubaka "ubuhanga bwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere" muri AI, bibafasha kugendana n'impinduka z'ejo hazaza.Inzego nyobozi nk’inama ishinzwe kwemeza impamyabumenyi y’ubuvuzi zishobora gushyira ibyateganijwe ku burezi bwa AI mu byifuzo bya gahunda zisanzwe zamahugurwa, ibyo bikaba aribyo shingiro ry’imyigishirize y’amasomo, Gushishikariza gahunda z’amahugurwa guhindura uburyo bwabo bwo guhugura.Hanyuma, abaganga basanzwe bakora mumiterere yubuvuzi bakeneye kumenyera AI.Sosiyete yabigize umwuga irashobora gutegura abanyamuryango bayo mubihe bishya mubuvuzi.

Impungenge zerekeye uruhare AI izagira mubikorwa byubuvuzi ntabwo ari nto.Uburyo bwa cognitive apprenticeship model yo kwigisha mubuvuzi bumaze imyaka ibihumbi.Nigute iyi moderi izagira ingaruka mubihe abanyeshuri biga mubuvuzi batangira gukoresha ibiganiro bya AI guhera kumunsi wambere mumahugurwa yabo?Inyigisho yo kwiga ishimangira ko gukora cyane no kwitoza nkana ari ngombwa mu bumenyi no gukura mu buhanga.Nigute abaganga bazahinduka abiga ubuzima bwabo bwose mugihe ikibazo cyose gishobora gusubizwa ako kanya kandi byizewe na chatbot kumuriri?

Amabwiriza yimyitwarire niyo shingiro ryubuvuzi.Ubuvuzi buzaba bumeze bute iyo bufashijwe na moderi ya AI ishungura ibyemezo byimyitwarire binyuze muri algorithm ya opaque?Mu myaka igera hafi kuri 200, umwirondoro wabigize umwuga wabaganga ntushobora gutandukana nakazi kacu ko kumenya.Bizaba bisobanura iki kubaganga gukora ubuvuzi mugihe imirimo myinshi yo kumenya ishobora gushyikirizwa AI?Nta na kimwe muri ibyo bibazo gishobora gusubizwa nonaha, ariko tugomba kubabaza.

Umuhanga mu bya filozofiya Jacques Derrida yerekanye igitekerezo cya farumasi, ishobora kuba “ubuvuzi” ​​cyangwa “uburozi,” kandi muri ubwo buryo, ikoranabuhanga rya AI ryerekana amahirwe n'iterabwoba.Hamwe n’ibibazo byinshi by’ejo hazaza h’ubuvuzi, umuryango w’ubuvuzi ugomba gufata iyambere mu kwinjiza AI mu bikorwa by’ubuvuzi.Inzira ntizoroha, cyane cyane urebye ibintu bihinduka byihuse no kubura ibitabo byayobora, ariko agasanduku ka Pandora karakinguwe.Niba tudashizeho ejo hazaza hacu, ibigo bikomeye byikoranabuhanga byishimiye gufata akazi